freeman



Patented Jan. 24, I899.

E T. FREEMAN.

NAILING MACHINE.

(Application filed 00125, 1897.)

4 Sheats-Sheet l (No Model.)

INVENIU r Tfmuw l ll ll HNESEES THE NORRIS vs rzns cc. mmoumo wAsmnsmu. n c.

No. 6l8,082. Patented Ian. 24, I899. E. T. FREEMAN.

1 NAILING MACHINE.

(Application filed Oct. 5, 1897.)

(No Model.)

4 Sheets-Sheet 2.

z jihewew @Whw ms Norms vzvzas co, PHOTO-LXTHQ. wsumoron, a. c.

No. 6l8,082. Patented'lhf24, I899.

E. T. F BEEMAN.

NAIUNG MACHINE.

[Application filed Oct. 5, 1897:) (N0 Model.) 4 Sheets-$heet 3 a''izaidap 1 I T Emile)? (SM mat/V .No. 6|8,082. Patented Jan. 24, I899. E. T. FREEMAN.

NAILING MACHINE.

(Application filed Oct. '5, 1897.) (No Model.) 4 Sheets$heet 4.

INYBNTUT FFrGEh,

EDlVIN T. FREEMAN, OF HALIFAX, CANADA.

NAlLlNG-MACHINE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 618,082, dated January 24, 1899.

Application filed October 5, 1397,

TOH/ZZ whont it nuty concern:

Be it known that I, EDWIN T. FREEMAN, of Halifax, in the county of Halifax and Province of Nova Scotia, Canada, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Nailing-Machines, of which the following, taken in connection with the accompanying drawings, is a specification.

The object of my invention is to produce a practical machine simpler in construction than machines of this class in use and one which permits stock to be placed on the stocksupport or removed from it without stopping the rotation of the driving-shaft, thus less liable to get out of repair or to be worn out, as the machines will not be given the shock by the starting and stopping of the same.

An important feature of my invention consists of an improved mechanism to operate the stock-support.

Myinvention further consists of mechanism or devices connected with the mechanism which automatically lower the stock-support, whereby nails are prevented from being driven and the awl held in its extreme upper position independent of the rotation of the driving-shaft, while the stock-support is lowered to permit the placing or removal of the stock.

Other features consist of my improved means to feed a nail-strip and to sever nails therefrom.

Figure l in the accompanying drawings is a side elevation of a machine embodying my invention. Fig. 2 is a side elevation of the opposite side of the machine, showing the lower part of the standard broken off and the parts of the machine as in their position when the stock-support is lowered to permit the feeding of the stock. Fig. 3 is a front elevation of Fig. 2. Fig. 4 is a front view of the cam and lever which are by connection operating the stock-support and other mechanism, the lever being shown in its extreme upper position and its cam-roller in dotted lines. Fig. 5 is a section of the lever on line X and X in Fig. 4.. Fig. 6 is a side elevation of the front part of the head of the machine, showing the position of the working parts when the stock-support is lowered to permit the placing or removal of the stock. Fig. 7 is a top view of the work-plate and of mech- Serial No. 654,180. (No model.)

anism attached to it and of other mechanism,- partly in section. Fig. 8 is a side view of the work-plate and of mechanism attached to it. Fig. 9 is a sectional side view of the front part of the raceway. Fig. 10 is a top view of the cutter and a sectional view of the front end of the raceway. Fig. 11 is a side view of the cutter, showing the cutting edge. Fig. 12 is a side view of the cam and lever shown in Fig. 4., the lever being shown in section and in its extreme lower position.

Like letters of reference indicate corresponding parts of the different figures of the drawings.

The frame a of the machine is firmly secured to the standard a, both being shaped to support working parts of the machine. Vithin hearings in the frame a is mounted the driving-shaft a The driving-shaft oarries a loose pulley 0. and a driving-pulley a The driving-shaft also carries a cam 0 which operates the stock-support and other mechanism, which will hereinafter be described.

The stock-support b is shown in the accompanying drawings as a straight horn; but it can be made in any other suitable shape. A part b is projecting from the standard or can otherwise be secured to it and has a bearing in which the stock-supporting horn is guided sidewise, but in which it is capable of vertical movements. Below said bearing toggles b are attached to the horn b and to the upper end of a support or shaft 12 which shaft is also capable of vertical movements and guided in a hearing or bearings in the standard and has its lower end attached to a treadle b*, which is hung on a stud b back of the shaft Z2 A rod 0 is attached to the treadle 5 back of the stud b and has its upper end loosely extending into a hearing. A coilspring 0 surrounds the rod 0 between the bearing and a collar 0 the tendency of this spring being to force the rod downward, and consequently to force the horn Z2 upward, thereby pressing the stock when placed on the born between the horn and a work-plate 0 This work-plate is stationary, attached to the under sides of the frame a.

The horn b is lowered and raised by the toggles 5 which are operated by a horizontal bar (1 which bar has one end pivotally ICO attached to the toggles and the other end to the lower end of a bell-crank lever d. This bell-crank lever is hung on a stud d and has one end extending through a perforation e, which is formed in a block 6. This block is carried by a vertically-movable rod 6 and gives the bell-crank lever an oscillating motion by being moved up and down by the rod 6 The bar 61 is given a reciprocating motion by the bell-crank lever, and when moved toward the standard in the 'upward movement' of the rod e forces the toggles 19 out of a straight line with the horn b, and consequently thehorn will be lowered. When the horn b is lowered by the toggles, it is released from the influence of the spring 0 by a ratchetlock, of which one part c is secured to the shaft b and the other part c to the lower end of a bar d. This bar d is loosely hung on a stud cl between ears projecting from the part Z) and is forced by a spring 61 toward the shaft 6 but when the toggles are in a straight line with the horn the bar (1 is forced against the front end of the bar (1 and the ratchet 0 will be held from coming in contact with the other ratchet and the horn will be free to be moved up and down; but in the first part of the movement, whereby the toggles are moved out of a straight line, the bar cl is moved by the spring d and the two parts of the ratchetlock will come in contact, whereby the shaft b will be held in the position it had before the horn was lowered. It will be seen that when the toggles are straightened by the bar 61 when moved forward by the bell-crank lever d the bar d is moved from the shaft b and the ratchet 0 will be moved out of contact with the other ratchet.

The extent of the movement of the bellcrank lever d is adjusted by a set-screw k, which is screwed through the block 6 and into the perforation e and comes in contact with the bell-crank lever when the rod 8 is moved upward. If the bell-crank lever is held against the upper side of the perforation by the set-screw is, it is given its greatest swing, and consequently the horn b will be lowered its greatest distance.

A coil-spring e surrounds the rod 6 the tendency of which being to force the rod upward; but the block 6 prevents the rod from being moved upward a greater distance than desired, as the block is adjusted to come against one of the bearings of the rod when coming to its extreme upper position. One end of a lever e is hung on the upper end of the rod 6 on which it can be slid, and the other end is hung on a stud f, on which the lever can be both oscillated and slid, and the lever has a cam-roller f between the rod 6 and the stud fand directly under the driving-shaft. A bell-crank lever f which is hung on a studf and connected with atreadle f by a rod f, has its upper end arranged to move the lever 6 toward the cam a when the treadle f is depressed. A coil spring f which surrounds the rod f, tends to hold the treadle and rod in their elevated positions, and another spring g, which is attached to the lever e and to a stationary part of the frame a, tends to move the lever from the cam a and thereby also to hold the lever in contact with the bell-crank lever f The cam a proper extends below the upper side of the cam-roller f when the roller is not operated by the cam; but the cam has an operating part g of its periphery which comes above the cam-roller when passing the roller and which extends partly through the thickness of the cam only and from the side toward the cam-rollerf'. Thus the other part g of the thickness of the cam forms a wall to the part g". The periphery of the cam a has another operating part g, which extends through the entire width of periphery and which does not come above the cam-roller when the roller is not acted upon. WVhen the lever e is moved toward the cam a", as described, the outer end of the cam-roller f is in the first part of the movement pressed against the side of the earn a but without being operated upon before the part 9 comes to the roller, when the roller is permitted to be moved under the cam and against the part g It will be noticed if the part g passes the cam-roller when the lever is moved toward the cam the cam-roller will be moved under the cam without coming against the side of the cam. After the camroller is moved under the cam the latter portion of the part g gradually depresses the camroller f, whereby the lever e and the rod e are depressed against the influence of the spring 6 After the parts 9 and g have passed the cam-roller the lever e is free to be moved farther in the started direction till the treadle f has reached its extreme lower position. The part will in the following rotations of the cam pass the cam-roller without coming in contact with the roller, as the outer end of the roller will move on the part g when passing the part 9 and consequently the roller will not be operated by the part g Each time the part g passes the cam-roller when the roller is operated by the cam the rod 6 is raised by the spring, and the horn will by said connection to the rod be lowered sufficiently to permit the stock to be moved by the awl, which movements are timed to correspond. When the treadle f 3 is released, the bell-crank lever f 2 is moved from the lever e and the lever e is moved from the cam a by the spring g, and thereby withdrawing the cam-roller from the contact with the cam, thus permitting the spring 6 to move the rod 2 upward a greater distance than when moved upward periodically when the part g passes the cam-roller f, and consequently the horn will be lowered a greater distance and sulficiently to permit the stock to be placed upon the horn or removed from it. If it is desired for any reason to lower the horn a greater pass the cam-roller.

distance than automatically lowered for permitting the placing of the stock, the front end of the treadle b is depressed.

I do not wish herein to limit myself to have the cam a by its connection to the stock-support moving the stock-support both periodically and at various times, as the cam can be made to have one operative part only.

\Vhen it is desired to stop the machine, the power can be transmitted in any well-known manner from the driving-pulley a to the loose pulley a To insure the complete driving of the last nailbefore the horn is lowered for removal of the stock, I employ a stud g This stud is stationary and is secured to the frame ctand has the side 72 inclined toward the lever e The part h of the side of the lever c is in line with the stud and is inclined to fit the inclined side of the stud g \Vhen the lever e is in contact with the cam a and the treadle f is released, the lever e is moved along with the bell-crank lever f by the spring 9 until the stud g is reached, when the lever is stopped by the stud, if part does not at that time lVhen the part 9 of the periphery of the cam reaches the cam-roller, the roller is moved from the wall g far enough to roll on the part g without coming in contact with the part g and gradually moves upward while the first portion of the part 9 passes it,and the lever 6 will be sliding against the stud and as the lever slides upward against the inclined side of the stud the lever is permitted to be gradually moved from the cam a. 'When the lever reaches its upper position, it is moved far enough from the cam to have withdrawn the cam-roller J from contact with the cam. In place of this stud 9 any other suitable part having an inclined side can be used without departing from my invention.

A cam 7L2 is mounted on the front end of the driving-shaft a and has a crank-pin h on its front side, on which a bar 7L is hung. This bar is attached to the upper end of the driving-bar 7L5 and gives a reciprocating motion to the driving-bar when the cam 71, is in motion. This driving-bar is guided in a bearing formed in the frame a against sidewise movement and carries the driver t' in a well-known manner.

A bar iextends through a groove which is made in the frame and carries in a well-known manner the awl g at its lower end and a camroll at its upper end. An arm 2' projects from the bar 2'', which bar is jointed below the arm, and a pin 1? extends through the joint and into a vertical groove 2' made in the frame a, as shown in Fig. 3, and also shown in dotted lines in Figs. 2 and 6. Thus the pin is prevented from sidewise movement, but permitted to be moved up and down by the bar 7). Each end of the bar t" is capable of sidewise movement, swinging on the pin Z. The lower end can be moved toward and from the driver i and the upper end toward and from the cam 7L2. A coil-spring j is attached to the arm i and to a stationary part of the frame a, the tendency of this spring being to force the bar 2" upward and the upper part of the bar against a stationary part 3' of the frame a, and thereby to hold that part in a vertical position and the cam-roller 2' against the front part of the periphery of the cam 7L2. The bar 1" is periodically depressed by the cam 72/ when its cam-roller i and the cam are in contact and the cam rotated,whereby the awl is forced to penetrate the stock placed on the horn Z). At a proper time after the awl has penetrated the stock the cam h permits the spring j to move the rod t" upward, whereby the awl is withdrawn from the stock.

A lever j is loosely hung on a stud J4 and has one of its ends above the arm 1' and its other end above a pin 3' which pin is secured to the rod 6 lVhen the rod e is moved upward, the pin f moves the rear end of the lever j upward, and the front end of the lever will be lowered and come in contact with the outer part of the arm i and move it downward, thereby swinging the upper end of the bar i from the cam h and the cam-roller out of contact with the cam, and the bar 7; will be held by the springj in its upper position, with the pin i against the upper end of the groove and the awl above the stock. It will be seen that when the bar 11 is in this position, as described, it will not be moved vertically by the cam h". \Vhen the rod 6 is moved downward, the lever will loosen its hold on the arm 2' and the cam-roller 11 will again be moved into contact with the cam 7L2.

A leverj is fulcrumed to the frame a at 71; and carries a cam-roller k at its upper end and has at its lower end a projection j, which abuts against the outer side of the lower part of the bar 2". The cam-roller Z0 is held by a yielding pressure, which will hereinafter be described, against the rear part of the periphery of the cam 71 When the awlis forced into the stock, as described, the cam h is opthe bar 2" toward the driver, thereby forcing the awl g to feed the stock. Vhen the awl has come directly under the driver, the lever 7' is stopped and the awl withdrawn from the stock, leaving the awl-hole in the stock in position for the next nail to be driven into. After the awl is withdrawn from the stock the lower end of the lever j is moved from the driver and the lower end of the bar 2' is moved from the driver by a coil-spring which is ,shown in dotted lines in Fig. 3. The feeding of the stock can be adjusted by means of a set-screw k which is screwed through a stationary part of the frame CL and engages the bar 2" to limit the sidewise movement of the awl when moved from the driver.

The comb-shaped nail-strip L used in the machine is placed upon a reel 70", which can be made in any suitable shape, but is shown in the accompanying drawings'pivotally attached to the bracket m. When the nailstrip 7; is conveyed toward the driver, it is erating the lever 7' to move the lower end of IIO guided in a groove m. This groove m is formed in the raceway m and extends from the bottom side and partly through the height of the raceway; but the front part m of the groove m extends through the entire height of the raceway and is directly in line with the driver z'when the raceway is in its ex treme inner position. This raceway swings at its rear end on a stud m and the front end is moved toward and from the driver by means as will hereinafter be described. This race way is provided with a spring m at its under side, which spring holds the nail-stri p against the upper side of the groove m.

A cutter n severs the nails, one at a time, before they are driven into the stock andis also adapted to move the nail-strip forward. This cutter is on one side of the raceway piv otally attached at n to the work-plate 0 The side of the raceway toward the cutter has a perforation of, so'as to permit the free end of the cutter to be moved into the groove m between the first and second nails from the front. A projection 91 also on the lower end of the leverf', is butting against the side of the raceway, above the cutter It, and moves the free end of the raceway from the driver while the projection j is moving the bar 2" toward the driver. A stud n surrounded by a spring or", is butting against the raceway on the side opposite to the projection n and can be moved back and forth in a stationary part a of the frame a, the tendency of this spring being to force the stud 17. against the raceway, and thereby holding the raceway against the projection 71 and moving the free end of the raceway when the lower end of the lever 7' is moved from the raceway. By pressing the raceway against the projection 01 the camroller 7a is forced against the cam 7L2.

lVhen the raceway is moved from the driver, a part 0 of the projection M, which part extends below the upper side of the cutter 02, reaches the cutter before the raceway has come to its outer position and moves the free end of the cutter in the same direction as the free end of the raceway is moved, and as the distance from the part 0 to where the cutter is pivotally attached to the work-plate is much shorter than the distance from the projection 91 to the stud m the free end of the cutter will reach the groove 'm" and will be moved between the shanks of the first and second nails of the nail-strip before the raceway stops at its outer position, or the cutter can be arranged not to enter between the shanks of the first two nails before stopped at its outer position, but coming between them in the inward movement of the raceway. Then the free end of the racewayis moved toward the driver, the free end of the cutter is moved in the same direction by the raceway and keeps its position between the shanks of said nails, thereby moving the nail-strip forward, as the free end of the cutter is moved forward a greater distance than the free end of the raceway.

hen the raceway has come in its position under the driver a, the first nail in the groove m has been moved against the front end of the groove and has come directly under the driver, and the driver has been moved downward by its connections to the crank-pin 7L and enters the front part m of the groove on and forces the nail-strip downward against the influence of the spring or, and the upper part of the nail-strip comes against the cutting edge 0 of the cutter n, and as the downward movement of the driver continues the nail engaged by the driver is severed from the nail-strip and driven into the stock placed between the work-plate and the stock-sup port. After the driver is withdrawn. from the raceway by its connection to the crank pin 708 the raceway and cutter are again moved outward to bring another nail into position. to be driven into the stock. A spring 0 is arranged to press on the cutter n to insure the stopping of the cutter.

The nail-strip is prevented from being moved in a direction from the driver by a spring 0 which is attached to the raceway and has its free end extending through aper foration o and between the shanks of the two nails and is arranged to yield when the nailstrip is moved forward, but is prevented'from yielding in the opposite direction by a side of the aperture 0, as shown in Fig. 10.

iVhen the awl-carrying bar 2' is moved out of engagement with the cam 7L2 and the horn is automatically lowered for removal or placing of the stock, the driver continues to move up and down if the power is transmitted to the driving-pulley; but a stud 0 checks the extent of the movement of the lever 7' whereby the raceway m will not be moved under the driver 7 but stopped in its movement toward the driver, so as to permit the driver to pass on one side of the raceway. Consequently no nails will be driven and the nail-strip will not be moved forward, as the free end of the raceway is moved a short distance only. Said stud 0 has its bearing in the frame a and is provided with a head on the end toward the lever 7' Then the lever 7' is to complete its full movement, the head of the stud 0 is held against the front side of its hearing by a bell-crank lever 19 and the lever j passes it in its sidewise move ment without coming in contact with it. The bell-crank lever 19 is loosely hung on a stud p and has its upper end normally placed against a pin 1) and on the side of the pin toward the lever This pin extends from the stud The other end of the bell-crank lever 12 is placed above a pin 19 which extends from the rod 6 A spring 19 is attached to the rod e and to the bell-crank lever 19, the tendency of which is to hold the bell-crank lever against the pin 12 A spring 19 is attached to the stud o and to the frame a, the tendency of this spring being to move the stud 0 toward the lever j. When the rod e is moved upward for the purpose of lowering the stock-support for placing or removal of stock, as above set forth, the end of the bell-crank lever 19 which is above the pin 13 is moved upward by the pin, and the other end is thereby moved toward the lever f, and the stud 0 will be moved in the same direction by the spring p till the head of the stud has passed between the upper part of the lever and cam 72. when the upper part of the lever is in its outer position. \Vhen the stud o is in this position, the lever is stopped in its movement; but the upper end always reaches its extreme outer positionand the lower end its inner position, and consequently the raceway will not be moved under the driver for the purpose described and the awl will not be moved from the driver till its extreme outer position is reached. It will be noticed that while the stud o checks the movement of the leverj the awl is held in its extreme upper position and is periodically moved sufficiently from the pathway of the driver so as not to obstruct the movement of the driver. lVhen the rod e is again depressed, the head of the stud 0 cannot be moved past the leverj, as the leverj at that time of the rotation of the driving-shaft presses against the stud; but when the lever has been moved to its outerposition by the cam 71 the stud is free to be moved from the lever by the bell-crank lever p, which lever is moved in that direction by the spring 12 which is strong enough to overcome the influence of the spring 11 This stopping of the lever after the rod e is depressed is to time the lever to come in at the right time of the movement of other mechanism. When the stock-support is lowered periodically by the raising of the rod 6 to permit the feeding of the stock, the bar t" is in its lower position and will not be acted upon by the lever j and the movements of the lever 7' and the periodical forward movement of the stud o are so timed that the movement of the lever will not be checked by the periodical movement of the stud.

Having described my invention, what I claim is- 1. A cam, and means to actuate the cam, a stock-support, a mechanism, connection between the mechanism and the stock-support, and means to move the mechanism into position to be forced by the cam to operate the connection to move the stock-support, and means to move the mechanism out of said position.

2. In a nailing-machine, astock-support, a rotating cam, connection between the stocksupport and the cam, and the cam to periodically operate the connection to move the stock-support, and the cam also to operate the connection to move the stock-support independent of the periodical operation.

3. In a nailing-machine, a block, a perforation in the block, and means to give theblock a reciprocating movement, a bell-crank lever extending into said perforation and thereby given a reciprocating movement by the block, and means to adjust the extent of the movement of the lever, a stock-support, connection between the bell-crank lever and the stocksupport, whereby the stock-support is moved.

4. In anailing-machine, in combination, an awl, and a jointed bar carrying said awl, and means to give one part of said bar a sidewise movement and to give-another part of the bar a sidewise movement independent of said movement of the first part.

5. In a nailing-machine, in combination, a rotating cam, an awl-bar, and means to move the awl-bar into contact with the cam, a cam and connected mechanism to operate the awlbar to withdraw it from the first cam.

6. An awl, and means to move the awl sidewise, an operating mechanism, connection between the operating mechanism and the awl, a treadle, connection between the treadle and the operating mechanism, and the operating mechanism governed by the operation of the treadle to change the extent of said movement of the awl.

7. A raceway, a groove in the raceway, and the groove adapted to permit nails formedin a comb-shaped strip to be conveyed therein, a cutter, means to operate the cutter to come between the shanks of two nails of the nailstrip in the groove, and means to operate the cutter to move the strip after coming between the shanks of the nails, a reciprocating driver, and the driver forcing the head portions of the nails in the strip against the cutter, thereby forcing the cutter to sever nails from the strip.

8. A raceway, a reciprocating driver, and means to move the raceway under the driver and from the driver, a groove in the raceway, and the groove adapted to permit nails formed in a strip to be conveyed therein, a cutter, and means to move the cutter between the shanks of two nails of the strip conveyed in the groove, and means to operate the cutter to move the strip, and the driver to move the strip against the cutter and thereby forcing the cutter to sever nails from the strip, and the driver to drive the nails severed from the strip through the groove, for the purpose set forth.

9. In a nailing-machine, a raceway, a cutter, and means to operate the cutter to move a strip in the raceway, and other means to move the strip toward and against the cutter and thereby forcing the cutter to sever nails from the strip, for the purpose set forth.

10. In emailing-machine, an awl-bar, a raceway, a nail-moving mechanism, and means to move the awl-bar, and said means to move the raceway, and said means to operate the nail-moving mechanism to move nails in the raceway.

11. In a nailing-machine, in combination, an awl, and means to carry said awl, a raceway, a device adapted to move nails in said raceway, a lever in contact with and operating said means, raceway and device, for the purpose set forth.

12. In a nailing-machine, in combination, an awl, and means to carry said awl, a raceway, a device, means to operate said device to move nails in said raceway, and the latter means also arranged to move the first means sidewise, for the purpose set forth.

13. In a nailing-machine, in combination, a raceway, an awl, and means to move said raceway and awl sidewise, and means to automatically change the extent of the sidewise movements of said raceway and awl.

14; In a nailing-machine, in combination, a raceway, an awl, and means to move said raceway and awl sidewise, and means to change the extent of the sidewise movements of said raceway, and the latter means also arranged to change the extent of the sidewise movement of said awl.

15. In a nailing-machine, in combination, a raceway, an awl, means to move said raceway and awl, a treadle, connecting mechanism between said treadle and raceway whereby the extent of the movement of the raceway can be changed, and connecting mechanism between said treadle and aw], whereby the extent of the movement of the awl can be changed.

16. In a nailing-machine, a stock-support, an awl, and means to move the awl, connection between a cam and the stock-support,

and the cam to operate the connection to move the stock-support, and connection between the cam and the awl, and the cam to operate the connection to change the movement of the awl. I

17. In a nailing-machine, a stock-support, a cam and connection to move the stock-support, an awl, connection between the cam and the awl, and the cam to operate the connection to change the movement of the awl, a raceway, and connection between the cam and the raceway, and the cam to operate the connection to govern the movement of the raceway.

18. In a nailing-machine, a stock-support, a cam, connection between the stock-support and the cam, and the cam to operate the connection to move the stock-support, a raceway, and means to move the raceway, connection between the cam and the raceway, and the cam to operate the connection to govern the movement of the raceway.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification, in the presence of two subscribing witnesses, on this th day of September, A. D. 1897.

EDVIN T. FREEMAN.

\Vitnesses:

JosIE OTooLE, ALFRED WHITMAN. 

